Analysis of Drug-Related Problems in Outpatient Malaria Patients at Community Health Centers, Dekai District, Yahukimo

Abstract

This study aimed to analyze drug-related problems (DRPs) and their association with treatment outcomes among outpatient malaria patients at three community health centers in Dekai District, Yahukimo Regency. This quantitative observational study used a retrospective case-control design based on secondary data from prescriptions, medical records, and the malaria surveillance system in 2024. DRPs were identified using the Pharmaceutical Care Network Europe (PCNE) classification and assessed against the Indonesian malaria management guideline. A total of 490 patients were analyzed, consisting of 245 cases and 245 controls from Dekai, Aplim, and Brasa community health centers. The results showed that several types of DRPs were present, including drugs without indication, indication without medication, high-dose or overly frequent dosing regimens, low-dose or insufficient dosing regimens, and potential drug interactions. High-dose regimens and low-dose regimens showed significant associations with patient recovery in all three community health centers. The novelty of this study lies in mapping DRPs in a remote malaria-endemic district with limited published evidence. These findings imply that stronger prescription screening, dose verification based on body weight, and pharmacist involvement are needed to improve the rationality and safety of outpatient malaria therapy.